There are a total of 17 Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs, which are global objectives by the United Nations under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They were introduced in 2015. They succeeded the Millennium Development Goals as they had many limitations and had a lower niche coverage. Thus, to include all the affairs of life and to make it global, the SDGs were introduced. There are a total of 169 targets and 304 indicators. And thus, SDGs don’t work according to the economic status of the country. For all the students and aspirants who are preparing for the competitive exams conducted by UPSC, JKSSB, SSC, Railway, and Banking exams, SDGs are one of the most buzzed-about topics studied in the general awareness, as they not only highlight the global development but also highlight India in terms of its progress and challenges to be overcome. These 25 MCQs are crisp and accurate and will guide you through your preparation. These are also helpful for your last-minute revision. The MCQs will help you to analyze your loopholes and will also boost your confidence, as the content is written in simple and lucid language, so you won’t have to worry about it.
Q1.Which statement best explains why the Sustainable Development Goals were introduced after the Millennium Development Goals ended in 2015?
1 The Sustainable Development Goals were launched to address inequality, climate change,ejusticei ce and ensure universality for every country.
2 They were created solely to replace environmental policies without including economic or social dimensions of development progress.
3 Their purpose was mainly to continue health projects that had started under the Millennium Development Goals only.
4 They were formed to improve global trade agreements without considering poverty, hunger, or social justice needs.
Answer: The Sustainable Development Goals were launched to address inequality, ty climate change, justice, and ensure universality for every country.
Q2. Which Sustainable Development Goal specifically focuses on eradicating poverty in all forms everywhere across the world by 2030?
1 SDG 1 No Poverty seeks to eliminate poverty and provide social protection systems worldwide.
2 SDG 3 Good Health aims to enhance global health systems and healthcare facilities.
3 SDG 8 Economic Growth focuses on creating employment opportunities and sustainable economic productivity.
4 SDG 12 Responsible Consumption ensures better use of resources through sustainable consumption and production patterns.
Answer: SDG 1 No Poverty seeks to eliminate poverty and provide social protection systems worldwide.
Q3. What makes the Sustainable Development Goals more comprehensive compared to the Millennium Development Goals, according to the United Nations framework?.
1 They include human rights, governance, climate change, and universal applicability to both developed and developing nations.
2 They focus only on poverty, health, and education without including broader interconnected development concerns.
3 They encourage wealthy nations alone to support poor countries financially without addressing domestic inequalities.
4 They exclude environmental sustainability issues and fail to consider climate action at the global level.
Answer: They include human rights, ts governa,nce, climate change, and universal applicability to both developed and developing nations.
Q4. Which SDG aims to ensure inclusive, equitable, quality education and lifelong learning opportunities for people of all ages globally?
1 SDG 4 Quality Education seeks to make education accessible, fair, and inclusive to everyone everywhere.
2 SDG 5 Gender Equality ensures women’s empowerment and promotes equal opportunities for all women.
3 SDG 9 Industry Innovation focuses on building resilient infrastructure and industrial growth.
4 SDG 16 Justice and Institutions strengthens governance, peace, and accountability in every country worldwide.
Answer: SDG 4 Quality Education seeks to make education accessible, fair, and inclusive to everyone everywhere.
Q5. According to the 2024 SDG Report,t, what percentage of global Sustainable Development Goal targets were still on track for achievement?.
1 Only 17 percent of the SDG targets are currently progressing successfully towards achievement.
2 Approximately 35 percent of all goals are moving forward with steady, measurable global success.
3 Nearly 50 percent of the indicators show rapid achievement across different continents worldwide.
4 Around 70 percent of SDG goals are considered nearly accomplished at the global scale.
Answer: Only 17 percent of the SDG targets are currently progressing successfully towards achievement.
Q6. In India, which institution is responsible for tracking, monitoring, and publishing progress on the Sustainable Development Goals each year?
1 NITI Aayog publishes the SDG India Index and monitors the progress of all states.
2 Reserve Bank of India publishes economic performance statistics focusing mainly on financial markets.
3 The Ministry of Defence collects national defence records without monitoring education or health indicators. The TheÂ
4 Indian Council of Agricultural Research tracks only farming productivity without including broader development issues.
Answer: NITI Aayog publishes the SDG India Index and monitors the progress of all states.
Q7. Which SDG emphasises conserving oceans, seas, and marine resources while ensuring their sustainable use for the development of humanity?
1 SDG 14 Life Below Water works for the protection of oceans, seas, and marine biodiversity.
2 SDG 11 Sustainable Cities promotes safe,,e resilient, inclusive and sustainable urban communities worldwide.
3 SDG 7 Clean Energy provides access to renewable energy for people across all regions.
4 SDG 2 Zero Hunger improves agricultural productivity, food access, and nutrition for all.
Answer: SDG 14 Life Below Water works for the protection of oceans, seas, and marine biodiversity.
Q8. Which factor highlights one major criticism of the SDGs often raised by economists and policy analysts worldwide in recent years?
1 The SDGs are non-binding goals lacking strict enforcement, accountability mandatory implementation mechanisms.
2 The SDGs are universally praised for simplicity and a small number of achievable, measurable targets.
3 The SDGs are criticised because they are funded fully without facing resource-related shortages.
4 The SDGs are seen as completely irrelevant and unnecessary by the majority of global leaders.
Answer: The SDGs are non-binding goals lacking strict enforcement, accountability, or mandatory implementation mechanisms.
Q9. Which SDG in India showed the highest improvement according to NITI Aayog’s SDG India Index for the year 2023-2?.
1 SDG 13 Climate Action improved the most, with an increase from 54 to 67 in score.
2 SDG 2 Zero Hunger showed the fastest gains in agricultural productivity and nutrition globally.
3 SDG 6 Water and Sanitation achieved record success in providing water access to every rural household.
4 SDG 17 Partnerships witnessed tremendous growth in global financial assistance and cooperation mechanisms.
Answer: SDG 13 Climate Action improved the most with an increase from 54 to 67 in score.
Q10. Which Sustainable Development Goal focuses on creating safe, resilient, and sustainable human settlements, including cities, towns, and rural communities?
1 SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities ensure safe, resilient, and inclusive urban and rural settlements.
2 SDG 10 Reduced Inequality works to minimise economic and social differences between countries worldwide.
3 SDG 15 Life on Land protects biodiversity forests, ecosystems, and prevents desertification across the globe.
4 SDG 17 Global Partnerships enhances financial support, cooperation, and resource sharing among all nations.
Answer: SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities ensures safe, resilient, and inclusive urban and rural settlements.
Conclusion
The SDGs aim to combat some of the world’s most emerging attention-requiring issues, which include poverty, eradication, zero hunger, gender equality, climate action, and many more. Unlike the MDGs, which were mostly seen by the developing countries with the support of the developed world, the SDGs are universal and are applicable to every country, irrespective of whether they are developing or developed. This set of MCQs will give an edge to your knowledge and enhance your preparation for your examination.
